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HARMAN A. M. HARRIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, 'PENNSYLVANlA` IMPROVEMENT IN PUMPS.

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TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONOERN:

Be it linown that I, HARMAN A. M. IIARIjtIS, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps, ot' which the following is a'full, clear,

and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this Specification, and in Which- Figure 1 represents a vertical central section through my improved pump.

Figure 2, a front view of the pump-rod.

Figure 3, a vieu' of' the lower piston-head, seen from within,

Figure 4, a similar view of the uppc: piston-head.

Figure 5, a plan or top View of the same.

Figure (i, a view of the bottom of the lower piston-head.

Figure 7, a vertical section through the piston atthe lines a' fr of rigs. 3 and 4; and

Figure 8, a similar section through the saine, at-the line 1j :j of fig. 4.

It is the object of my invention to render a double-acting pur'np both economical in construction and etlicient in operation; and to this end my invention consists- First. In a double-acting piston, through which both ends or" a double-acting pump-chamber are filled and discharged at each reciprocation of the piston.

Second. In so combining a double-acting piston with a tubular piston-rod and air-chamber as to produce a continuous discharge.

Third. In combining a double-acting piston, reciprocating in a cylinder, with a tubular piston-rod, working through the cylinder, and serving both for aninduction and an eduction pipe.

'llo any proper support, A, for example, I attach, by brackets a and f, a pump-cylinder, B, closed at the bottom by a tight screw-cap, i, and atthe top by a similar'eap, b, each et which has a stultingbox, O, in the centre, to support and guide a tubula'r piston-rod, D, the upper end CZ of which, in its reciprocal movement, rises into an air-chamber, E, secured to the upper cap Z2 of the pump-cylinder B, while the lower end Z1 of the piston-rod D reciprocates in the reservoir er well. rIhc water is discharged -through a pipe, F, located at the base of the air-chamber E. A double-acting piston, Gr, to the upper end ci which the tubular piston-rod D is attached, is rcciproeated in the cylinder B by a bifureated pump-rod II, attached at its top to a bell-crank lever, J, which may be operatcdby hand, with a handle inserted in the socket K, or by anj,T suitable connection with other power. The bifurcated ends ot` the pump-rod II are swivelled to a cross-head, L, that has a centre opening, I, in which the tubular pistonwod D is secured by a set-screw, Z. The piston-head being thus operated by an attachment below the pump-cylinder, obviates the necessity of using a third stuiling-box in the airchamber when situated centrally over the cylinder, and the long arms of the pump-rod render the rcciprocations of the piston smooth and easy.

The piston G is constructed in three parts, as follows: First, the barrel M has a plug, me, at the bottom, which is drilled with two openings yni and m1, and furnished 'with valve-seats for the ball-valves I and 2, as shown in iig. l, in section, while the valve-.seats are shown in planview in Iig. 3. 'lhesc openings m and m1 have the partition between them cutaway at the bottom, (as shown in Iigs. 1, G, 7, and 8, at so as to let the water entering the piston pass freely through either valve when open. Openings y and y are also made through the plug m2 in the barrel, to permit a free passage or" the water betweenvthe part of the pump-chamber above the vpiston-head I and the part of the chamber below the head, when the proper valve to control this communication is intermittently closed and opened.

rlhe second part of my piston isV shown in I, 7, and 8, and consists of a disk, (Z2, having the openings p and pl, above described, continued through it. To this disk the lower part d1 of the tubular piston-rod is firmly attached, and the disk is let into the lower end of the barrel M, flush with its edge, where it is secured byscrcws s and s', that pass into the third part of my piston, which is shown in figs. 4, 5, 7, and 8, and consists of a cylindrical block, O, having a longitudinal gateway, P, cut through tto admit a low of water through it rg from the barrel ill to the upper end of the pump-cylinder. Opposite to the gate P the plug O is cut away on its lower side, as at R, to permit the water to pass from the barrel through a horizontal drilled opening, S, that is furnished with a valve-seat, fr i, on each side, to he alternately closed and opened by a ball-valve, fi, that is free to move from one seat to the other, as influenced hy ,the up-end-down Vinovement of the piston. To the plug O the upper portion d of. the tubular piston-rod is rmly secured, andthe plug is inserted in the borrel until its top is flush with the edge of the barrel, and it is secured in position .by the screws s ands', iig. 8 which hold the two parte securelytogether. I

The piston, thus constructed, is inserted in the pump-cylinder, the cops of which ure put in place, and the pump-rod properly attached und secured, when the pump is ready for operation.'

On raisingthe pump-handle, the piston rises in the cylinder, the valve 1 opens, and valve 2 is closed, while the valve 3 is closed on the side R. The water now escends in the piston-rod di, and through the valve l, and overflows from chamber m, through openings m2, into thelower end of the cylinder, through the openingspp. At the same time the water in the upper end of the cylinder is forced through the side vopening P in the pistonheed, through the now open valve 7" on that side, the pressure keeping valve '2 closed, and up through the pistonrod d into the air-chamber, and thence out et the spout F. On the down stroke of the piston the valve 1 closes, Owing to the backward pressure through the openings pp', and 2 opens, and valve 3 shifts to its seat r, opposite the opening P, when the Water iows through the lower part dl of the piston-rod, through the now open vclvc 2 and side opening P, into the top of the cylinder, while the water in vthe lower part of the cylinder is forced through the openings m2 and the now open valve r, into thelai'r-chember, through the upper part UZ of the pistonrod. Thus, during the reciprocotion of the piston, e constant stream of water will iiow through'the piston-rod, and be discharged from the pipe F, which renders my pump double acting and perfectly ei'ective.

The red nrrows'show the currenton the down stroke of the pump, and the blue arrows the current on the up stroke.

What I claim es my invention, and desire to secu-re by Letters Patent, is,

' 1. A double-octing piston, constructedsubstantially in the manner described, whereby I produce o contin- 'uous current 'through the piston by its reciprocaton.

2. The combination ofV the doublehcting piston, constructed substantially in the manner described, with the tubular piston-rod, the pump-cylinder, and cir-chamber, for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, suhstolntizilly in the' manner described, of'the double-acting piston-head with the tuhuler pistonrods eind-cylinder, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my neme.

HARMAN A. M. HARRIS. Witnesses:

HENRY BALDWIN, Jr., I J. J. Perron. 

